Telegraph apparatus



E. L. KLINGEL. TELEGRAPH APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 6. 191a.

Patented my 30, 1922.

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P T E T Q E I Q EDWARD LOUIS KLINGEL, OF ST. PAUL, MINNEESOTA! 'rnnnonern erreaa'rns.

Specification of Letters Patent.

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Patented May 30, 1922.

Application filed February 6, 1918. Serial No. 215,689.

This invention relates'to telegraph apparatus. In the operation of what is commonly called closed circuit telegraph systems now in general use, all of the relays and sounders connected with a working line are maintained in an'energized condition, except when signals are being transmitted and then they are ole-energized intermittently between the code signals. In ordinary practice, the closed circuit interval, that is when the telegraph instrument is energized is greatly in excess of the open circuit interval, that is when the instrument is de-energized. This .resu ts in great waste of energy, but in the case of the main line circuit, this waste is'not serious since the line and all the relays in the line circuit are supplied with electric current with one or a number of main batteries or generators usually at the extreme ends of the line. In ordinary practice, each station in the line has a sounder associated with the line relay, this sounder being part of a circuit which is entirely local to the station, therefore must be supplied with energy locally. By the use oi a contact on the relay armature. connections are so arranged that when the line circuit is closed, the sounder circuit is closed and vice versa when the line circuit is open the sounder circuit is open. Under usual operating conditions, the sounder circuit is generally in a closed or energized condition, the greater part of the time as previously set forth, and this necessitates the use of what is commonly termed a closed circuit type of battery. I11 small stations, it has generally been the practice to use a plurality of gravity battery cells for each local or sounder circuit. In addition. to being expensive in first cost, this type of battery is exceedingly inconvenient and expensive to maintain. Were it not for the fact that the sounders are kept in an energized state most of the time, dry cells or other forms of open circuit battery could be used to operate the sounder, thereby decreasing the expense and eleminating the inconvenience incident to the main tenace of gravity batteries. Dry cells used on the heretofore circuit arrangement soon become exhausted and are therefore impractical. My invention therefore deals with a method andapparatus to keep the sounder circuit open or de-energized during the rest periods or when signals are not being trancmitted over the line, thus permitting the use of so-called open circuit battery. My method and apparatus deals specifically with the local. or sounder circuit, and do not in any way change the present method of sending or receiving code signals.

The primary function of my invention is to automatically arrange the local circuit in an operating condition when code signals are being transmitted over the line and to immediately and automatically disconnect the 10- cal circuit when the line is not being used to transmit signals. This is accomplished entirely without the volition of the operator.

In the accompanying drawing forming part of this specification the figure is a diagrammatic View of a circuit equipped with my improved apparatus.

In the accompanying drawing A indicates a portion of a main line circuit, which leads into a station where it is connected in series with-the winding 2 of a line relay B and with the usual telegraph key C, the normal condition of said circuit being closed as indicated by the key. Associated with the line relay B is the usual armature 3, which is held closed against the tension of the spring t upon the line relay contact 5 by the mag netic energy developed by the line relay magnet. The armature 3 is connected by.

the'conductor 6 with one side of the local battery D or other suitable source of electric current. The other side of said battery is connected by the conductors 7 and 8 respectively with the winding 9 and the armature 10 of a slow acting relay E. The opposite end of the winding 9 from that which is conneoted with the battery D is connected by a conductor ll'with aback contact 12, which energizing current is disconnected.

1 as desired.

- shown in the drawing, it is apparent that as the sounder F,conductor 16, contact 5, armature 3 and conductor Gback to battery. By means of a copper or other suitable metal cylinder 17 slipped over a portion of the 5 core 18 of the magnet of the relay E, the

contact 13 is arranged to close quickly when the line relay B is energized and to keep said contact closed for a short interval,

(about one second more or less) after the This slow acting relay be located in a sub? base of the usual sounder F or maybe constructed as a separate and distinct instrument located at a distance from the sounder By referring to the diagram long as the contact 5 is held closed no current is being taken from the battery D. When the main line circuit A is opened, the

20 contact 5 is opened and the back contact closed. The closing of the back contact 12 causes the slow acting relay E to immediately close contact 13 of the sounder circuit. During the transmission of signals over the I line, contact 12 is closed except during the interval when a'dot or dash is being made. As the contact 12 controls the current passing to the slow acting relay E it would seem that the latter would be released when a dot or dash is made, but the slow acting feature or" reluctance of the relay'E permits it to /hold its energy during a dot or dash. Thus the contact 13 is held continuously closed as long 'as a 'serles of impulses is being sent overthe line circuit. By the use of my invention the local battery D is only inaction "during the actual transmission of messages over the main line and the use of an open circuit battery is therefore made practical.

40 As a result the expense of operating the telegraph line is reduced to a minimum and the battery power in the sounder circuit conserved, which is a distinct step forward in the art to which this invention relates. It

is obvious that as manystations may be included in the main line A as desired, and that my improvements may be applied to the ordinary main lines of telegraph circuits now in use with little expense, the apparatus tive.

In accordance with the patent statutes, I have described the principles of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus employed being extremely simple and oncewhich I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof, but I desire to have it understood that the construction shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can.

be carried out by other means and applied to uses other than those-above set forth within the scope of the following claims:

Having described my invention What I claim as new anddesire to protect by Letters Patent is 1. In signaling apparatus, a line ci cui.t containing a line relay and key, said Lline having a contact arranged to be op ned when impulses are transmitted and closed during the period when impulses are not being transmitted, and a local circuit included in and normally opened by said line relay when the line circuit is closed and. closed when the line relay is in open position and containing a sounder and a relay having a magnet core, a reluctance coil encircling said core and an armature acting under the influence of the magnetic lag in said core for the influence of the magnetic lag in said core forassisting in prolonging the sounder ci-rcuit in an operating condition when current impulses are being transmitted over said line circuit and for dlsconnecting the sounder to transmit current impulses.

3. In combination with a line circuit over which electrical impulses are adapted to be transmitted, said circuit containing a line relay having a normally closed contact and a normally open contact, a sounder circuit included in said closed contact and containing a sounder and an independent source of electrical current and a relay having a magnet core, a copper ring encircling said core, an

circuit when the line circuit is not being used armature having a normally open contact insaid sounder circuit and a winding con nected with said open contact of said line relay; said partsbeing arranged so thatthe sounder circuit is maintained in an operat ing condition by magnetic lag in the magnet core when current impulses are being transmltted over said line clrcult and automatically disconnected when the line circuitis not being used to transmit current impulses In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

EDWARD LOUIS KLINGEL. 

